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1

“...REMINISCENCES OF DANIEL DE LEON. 9 cialist movement of America, the formation of the Socialist Trade and Labor Alliance. Right here, it is necessary to note, for the sake of his- toric accuracy, that in all this prodigious work, from its very beginning back in 1889, down to the year 1902, De Leon had been ably and chiefly assisted by two men; Hugo Vogt, a for- mer student of jurisprudence, whom the Bismarckian anti- Socialist laws had exiled from Germany; and Lucicn Sanial, in his younger days a French naval officer, who had long been active in the Socialist movement, first in France and, later, for many years in America. Sanial was De Leons senior by about 18 to 20 years, while Vogt was about 7 years younger than De Leon. Of the two, Vogt was perhaps the more able and certainly the more efficient, partly because of mental at- tributes and also because, being himself a German, he was in a position, up to 1899, to wield considerable influence within and upon the many...”
2

“... national. Then they "elected" a new set of "officers, whereupon, after gathering numerous and promiscuous re-enforcements, and, after providing these with sundry weapons, they came down to the Party headquarters demanding surrender of what they claimed was theirs. They got "theirs. After the fight was over, it was De Leons coolness under stress, his commanding personality, his knowl- edge of our legal status, that saved the Partys property and foiled the raiders. It is true that, in expectation of the raid, we had removed all we could and thought essential, but enough was left to have made valuable booty for the foe. We, who had fought fiercely in that midnight battle against thrice our numbers, were either wounded or exhausted. He had been planted at his'desk, his room securely barricaded and when a squad of police, guns in hand, arrived and stopped the fight, it was he who took the situation in hand. He showed the officer in command that we were in lawful possession, that...”
3

“... May 13, 1914. Here is the Volkszeitungs editorial. It is a "gem in more ways than one that should not be left out of this vol- ume but should be embalmed for future contemplation: "DANIEL DE LEON. He, who expired on Monday evening, fared as did so many before him, he died a few decades too late; he outlived himself. "True to his maxim to destroy what he could not rule, he concentrated, during the last fifteen years, his vitality and will-power upon tearing down what he, personally, had helped to create. And therein he was great, far greater than in construc- tion and erection. De Leon was, indeed, a destructive geni- us, i. e., he was great in demolishing, in tearing down. With an hatred that was insatiable and unstillable, he fought since his entrance into the American labor movementsince 1892 against every movement of the working class of this coun- try that showed success and that seemed to be in the as- cendancy. It was contrary to his nature to perform con...”
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“...REMINISCENCES OF DANIEL DE LEON. 39 haps, be obliged to descend still farther along the zoological scale and, finally, get down to the field mouse. Rhode Islandiana In all these attempts to capture a Party that did not want to be captured, as soon as the conspirators found that they had lost, they concentrated the batteries of their abuse upon De Leon. It is true, other Party officers came in for their , share, but he was by far the chief beneficiary, which goes to show that they reasoned not so incorrectly after all, clearly discerning that he was their chief obstacle. When the first information about the Curran-Reid-Keiser move had reached me, though I had not yet seen the lampoon itself, I had writ- ten to De Leon, then at Milford, Conn., so as to keep him posted. He replied as follows: Milford, Ct, July 5, 1902. Dear Kuhn:Necessarily incomplete as must be the in- formation contained in yours of yesterday on the R. I. call for a national convention, I can form no...”
5

“... stalwart, it will vote NO on the N. E. C. call; and the Curran crew will thereby get a double slap in the face; their call is ignored, and their purpose is knocked down by the NO. If the membership is timid and has been frightened by the partly plausible libels of the Curran Committee, then they will want a convention to look into the matter. The ques- tion of a convention being put by the N. E. C, these men will vote on^ that call, and ignore the Curran Committee. Only those in the conspiracy may vote the other way, but they will surely feel embarrassed, and their conduct be scored against them. No plausible reason would there be for an un- constitutional course, there being a constitutional door opened by the N. E. C. And, finally, the Curran conspirators will feel constrained either to come to our conventiona thing they certainly have sense enough to know will be mighty un- pleasant to them, and which I know will mean their annihila- tionor they will stay away, and then...”
6

“... the lack of funds to secure the Au- ditorium; besides, the matter was brushed aside by the palpi- tating issues that confronted the convention. When, finally, the meeting was decided on, it was too late for the Audito- rium, and the convention hall had to do. On the speakers question we beat down the crooks, as you know, and every- thing was in good trim. Thus stood matters up to Friday afternoon. By that time, I began to feel indisposed. For one thing the heat in Chicago during the convention week was intense; for another, the heat in the convention hall and in my committee room (Committee on Constitution with Sher- man who was elected President and with Moyer) was in- tenser; for still another, the work was still intenser; add to that the sooty atmosphere of Chicago, by noon of Friday I had a splitting headache. You know I am on the lookout against apoplexy. This was the alternativeeither join the demonstration of the ratification meeting and then run the risk of...”
7

“... organization in such a manner as to meet the situation Russia is today confronted with, and we have seen how the revolution has held its own although beset within and without. From time to time we get glimpses of information showing what a vast amount of constructive work is being done in that country, work along educational lines, work in industry, work wher- ever work can be done. It has been said that the Russian revolution is the biggest event in all history and is well W'crth all the war has and will yet cost. This is unquestionably true, for though the end is not yet and man can not tell what the future may bring forth, it is absolutely certain that Russia, far from becoming again what she was prior to the outbreak of the war, is bound to be one of the dynamic world forces that will help to drive the system of capitalism down the road to perdition. From the very inception of the Soviet govern- ment there has been carried on a tremendous propaganda in both Austria and...”
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“...88 DANIEL DE LEONOUR COMRADE. dge, there is no better fount to draw from than the storage house of memory of those who knew him and such material as we still can find scattered about us. What I have now gathered together will make only the merest sketch. Such as It IS, I gladly give it, in order that, together with the several other contributions that go to make up this book, each made from a different point of view, a little something may be pieced together that will give somewhat of an idea of Daniel De Leon, the man and the fighter, the interest in whom is bound to rise from year to year, Daniel De LeonHis Life The bare facts of De Leons career are set down in the booklet The Party Press, issued in 1904. As this part re- quires neither originality of treatment nor elaiboration, I sim- J)ly quote it as it was then put down. As this booklet was gotten out in De Leons lifetime, and with his approval, there can be no question as to the correctness of the details...”
9

“...DANIEL DE LEONOUR COMRADE. labor disturbances took place in New York. The men on the horse-cars struck. The condition of these workers was so deplorable that even the police sympathized with them and neglected to make arrests although a great deal of force was used by the strikers. The capitalist class became angry; these neglects were reported, and many policemen were discharged. Then a sudden change set in; the workers were treated most brutally. De Leon read about all this with great inter- est, but, as he said, not with any different interest than he read other sensational news. The brutality was so evident, however, that even the colored reports of the capitalist press inclined towards the workers. Columbia College was then on Madison Avenue, oppo- site St. Patricks Cathedral. One day De Leon was sitting there together with a number of his colleagues. Suddenly there was a great noisebells ringing, horns tooting. The street-cars came in a row down the avenue. The...”
10

“... all made me expect to have the Chicago Convention act like a climax and mark the epoch. It did. The victory was all won before. Berger viciously declares- De Leon found them dead easy.' This is an insult to these men. They were not 'dead easy. They had been S. L.P.-i^ed before ey reached Chicago. The Convention did mark an epoch It recorded the ripeness of time and the logic of events. I fre- quently of late am reminded of the keen satisfaction of my boyhood dap when I solved my first geometric problem. The beauty of the logic of things was charming. That old satis- faction, multiplied a thousandfold, was my satisfaction at Chicago^ The .S. P. was built upon the double fallacy that a party of Socialism need not stand upon a Socialist economic organization, and that the party of Socialism may rise upon the tacit groundwork of pure and simpledom. For these many years we have been ramming away at those false underpin- mngs. At Chicago the underpinnings went down.....At last...”
11

“... itself. There is not tody any stronger blow aimed at the S. P. than the blow aimed at the A. F. of L. The People is furnishing plenty of ammunition for that. If you are not aware of the conduct of our S. L. P. folks at I. W. W. meet- ings, the information I have may serve you for a tip as to what they are doing. Wisdom is more essential in California than anywhere else. There the Party suffered most and freak- frauddom has held highest carnival.' Nov. 29, 1905.Of course, our troubles are not ended. New occasions bring new troubles. But, as it will be with the issues of future society, which will move upon a higher plane, our new troubles are of a higher order. As to politics. This opens a wide subject. You mention two effects as flowing from the present state of things. The first, that the abstinence of both parties from political talk at the I. W. W. meetings has virtually come down to no politics in the union. I think this is as it should be^FOR THE PRESENT. At least it...”
12

“... National Secretary. He came here with the deliberate inten- tion to run the S. L. P. to the ground. Birds of a feather flock together. That explains his intimacy with Connolly. Of course he is a dull fellow, but he has the knack to rope in fools. He did that. They did not know where they were be- ing led to. Got all twisted, and then vicious. Some have fallen away from him since. The Bohn move was joined by the Otto Just-Trautmann move, and there is where the don- key Williams came in. Through 'Bohn, the Trautmann end of the scheme was made to believe we were busted up. Wil- liams came to give us the finishing touchlead into the Traut- mann treasury the funds that now flow to the S. L. P. He was .smashed, as you noticed. Then came the howl and the stam- pede. This is the story in a nutshell. It was a case of cheats cheating cheats. When they got knocked down they did not know what struck them. The culmination of the I. W. W. tragi-comedy was reached during the Spokane so...”
13

“... the S. P. went down 1,300, it has declined in all the other industrial centers. In Cleveland, Cincinnati, Daytonin short, in all the industrial centers of Ohio the 1904 vote was smashed. Without the rural vote of Ohio the S. P. would have dropped from the ballot. You know how it fared in Chicago. Similarly in the rest of the industrial centers. The S. P. has today (out- side of the German vote which is mainly labor, and the Jewish vote which, even if largely intellectual, is revolutionarily attun- ed, and both of which I generously estimate at 100,000)the S. P. vote is American flotsam and jetsam: Christian Socialist, ex-Populistic frayed material, etc. I dont believe it polled 50,- 000 (out of the remaining 300,000) that is English speaking La- bor. 3The bulk of these 50,000 will go over, eventually if not sooner, as the case may be, to the Labor Party that the stupid sentence of Gompers, etc., is bound to beat into existence sooner or later, depending on circumstances...”
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“...114 DANIEL DE LEONOUR COMRADE. ated. The paper appears now only in 2 pages. It looks ridicu- 'ous, and declares it may have to suspend. May 11, 1909.I dont quite understand the theory upon which you go on praying that the Appeal and some other pa- pers which you mention, may return your O. L. I have been praying the other way. The O. L. having been written, it might as well be given full chance. I notice that my prayers are not being heard. Well, thats an experience in itself. As far as within the Party is concernedthe O. L. has had excel- lent effect. That private Jap and that private Swedes letter to you are instances in point. There are many more. I know that Kate S. Hilliard had published the O. L. Was glad, when I saw it, that I thought of her. She is a trump. She must have laid down the law to the Morning Examiner [Ogden, Utah], It was quite a feat for her to widen her Col- umn so as to take in the whole O. L. She is a girl you should cultivate. Whatever can be...”
15

“...118 DANIEL DE LEONOUR COMRADE. many before him, he died a few decades too late; he outlived himself. True to his maxim to destroy what he could not rule, he concentrated, during the last fifteen years, his vitality and will-power upon tearing down what he, personally, had helped to create. And therein he was great, far greater than in construction and erection. De Leon was, indeed, a destructive genius, i. e., he was great in demolishing, in tearing down. With an hatred that was insatiable and unstillable, he fought since his en- trance into the American labor movementsince 1892against every movement of the working class of this country that showed success and that seemed to be in the ascendancy. It was contrary to his nature to perform constructive labor, he was the born caviller, who, everywhere, had to find fault, with whom only one person the world around could do the right thing: Daniel De Leon. Had I the time for research among the old documents that must...”
16

“... power of capitalism, who did not offer resistance to the money, to enticement, but wore down thereby. In the en- tire city, the rumor circulates, that De Leon, Vogt and Kuhn have made a pact with the capitalist parties and soon proof thereof will be found! "Fellow Workingmen! Can you vote for a dead letter? Can you give your votes to a DANIEL DE LEON, VOGT and KUHN, men whose single purpose went in the direction of splitting the trades union movement, to make it impotent, wherein they have several times succeeded!! As honest work- ingmen, as Socialists, you must not do this. No party is this year in the field that represents your in- terests. No representatives of the working class that proclaim the rights of the working people and enforce them. The Socialist Labor Party is not in the field. Daniel De Leon, Vogt and Kuhn and their few adherents, who, by means of treason, have snatched this name, are a mongrel breed of the existing capitalist parties, are capitals henchmen...”
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“... Pope im- plies a religious absurdity which I refuse to be a party to. Then he sat down. The convention by this time was roaring, the raving orator felt like the proverbial thirty cents, and I have no doubt that from that time to the day of his death he...”
18

“... wants to report a labor meeting, they pick out the biggest jackass they can lay hands on, and just as soon as they have ascertained the biggest jackass possible, they give him the appointment, and that jackass must win his spurs or his long ears, whatever the case may be. The worst worry of his life, I should s ay, was the Editor the natural born Socialist Editor.^* The terrific birth- rate of this genus during De Leons life-time was simply amaz- ing. The charged atmosphere these species could create when their genius was rudely prevented from blossoming forth, was such, at times, that it all but converted us to the idea of pri- vate ownership of the party press. This certainly is a safety- valve, as the natural born can then rush right into the enter- prise of editing his own paper, and by the time he has squan- dered all the savings of his admirers and been thoroughly misunderstood by the masses he will generally go way back and sit down. But in the S. L. P. there is no...”
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“...134 DANIEL DE LEONOUR COMRADE. ting in stuff that he dislikes, these intriguers would sooner shout, Saintr Martyr! at me than Boss! By the nature of some of the things that go into THE PEOPLE you may judge of the nature of the stuff that I sit down upon. I am not han- kering after rows: hence this critique (!?!?) of Ibsen by P. De Leon Immortil In these days of world-wide calamity scarcely one day passes when some one of our comrades does not break out in a tone of sorrow and regret: Oh, that De Leon is dead! That the one pen, which could clearly and powerfully have analyzed the situation of the day, is laid at rest for ever! There is not much doubt, indeed, that De Leons voice, often quite prophetic, would now at last have commanded at- tention. There is surely no one now so bold as to declare that De Leon was a fanatic in his often bitter criticism of the pres- ent labor movement. Does any one dare to deny that he was correct when he pointed out weaknesses in the...”
20

“...6 WITH DE LEON SINCE 89. for a while, but then came the coup detat of 89. The Volks- zeitung elected a new National Executive Committee, and the partys offices and papers were taken possession of by a well- organized physical raid. Bushe complained that even his per- sonal property was confiscated by the Volkszeitung followers down to his best pair of trousers, which he kept in the office. Rosenberg and his faction moved their headquarters from New York, and there arose then what became known as the Roch- ester faction (Rochester .Richtung). This faction was com- pelled to change the seat of its headquarters to Cincinnati and then to other cities, and every time headquarters were estab- lished in a new city the faction was rechristened accordingly Rochester .faction, Cincinnati faction, .Cleveland faction, etc. The Volkszeitung, because of the frequent change of head- quarters, called it Die Richtung auf Reisen (the travelling faction). ' Rosenberg wrote circulars to...”