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“...one foot; on the Pacific side
it is about 12$ feet, with occasional ranges of 21 feet.
The. mean level of the Pacific at the Isthmus is about
eight inches higher than that of the Atlantic.
HISTORY. It is believed that the Isthmus of Panama was
first visited in 1499 by Alonso de Ojeda, who established a
colony, which he called Nueva Andalucia, near Cartagena. Two
years later Rodrigo Bastidas coasted along the Spanish Main as
far as what is now Porto Bello, and in .1502 Columbus, coasting
from Almirante Bay, founded the colony of Nombre de Dios
in Porto Bello Bay. The settlement was destroyed by Indians,
but re-established in 1510 by Diego de Nicuesa, Governor of
the Spanish Province of Castilla del Oro, which included the
Countries that are now Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama.
In the same year Martin Fernandez de Enciso, with the sur-
vivors of Nueva Andalucia, founded the colony of Darien.
After an insurrection he was succeeded in command by Vasco
Nuflez de Balboa, who had accompanied Bastidas...”
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