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“...the canal shall revert to the Republic
of Panama, except any property now owned by or in the possession
of the said companies within Panama or Colon or the ports or
terminals thereof.
Article IX.
The United States agrees that the ports at either entrance
of the canal and the waters thereof, and the Republic of Panama
agrees that the towns of Panama and Colon shall be free for
all time, so that there shall not be imposed or collected custom-
house tolls, tonnage, anchorage, lighthouse, wharf, pilot, or
quarantine dues, or any other charges or taxes of any kind upon
any vessel using or passing through the canal or belonging to
or employed by the United States, directly or indirectly, in
connection with the construction, maintenance, operation, sanitation,
and protection of the main canal, or auxiliary works, or upon
the cargo, officers, crew, or passengers of any such vessels,
except any such tolls and charges as may be imposed by the
United States for the use of the canal and other works...”
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