Your search within this document for 'general' resulted in 13 matching pages.
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“...CONTENTS Pages. Preface. vn Additions. xn FIRST PART. SYSTEMATICAL. 1 Pteridophyta 1, Monocotyledöneae 1,. Dicotyledoneae 19. SECOND PART. HISTORICAL. ns CHAPTER I. HISTORICAL SKETCH. 113 CHAPTER II. NOTES ON THE LARGER COL- LECTIONS. 116 THIRD PART. PHYTOGEOGRAPHICAL. 123 SECTION A. OROLOGICAL, GEOLOGICAL AND METEOROLOGICAL. 125 CHAPTER I. GEOLOGICAL AND OROLOGICAL NOTES. 125 Introduction 125, Curasao 126, Aruba 127, Bonaire 128, General notes 129. CHAPTER II. METEOROLOGICAL NOTES. 130 SECTION B. DISTRIBUTION OF THE WILD PLANTS ENUMERATED IN THE FIRST PART. 133 CHAPTER I. DISTRIBUTION OF ALL THE WILD PLANTS ENUMERATED IN THE FIRST PART. 135...”
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“...4 Gramineae. 140. Anthephora Schreb. Anthephora hermaphoditica 0. Ktze. Rev. II (1891) 759; Anthephora elegans Schreb. Beschr. Gras. Ill (1810) 105 t. 44; Gris. FI. 556. Curasao: Vw (4713); W (49265); Hk (5320); Kit (5500); Huk (5569). — Suringar, — Lens 828, — Versluys 1412,' — Britton & Shafer 2918. Aruba: Mankz (6278); Siw (6329). — Suringar. Bonaire: R (7025e); Rk (7095a); Rt (7154); Rt (7159); Krak (7445). Of general occurrence; 30 finding places noted. Margarita. (Johnston). Antill., Amer. cont. trop. (Symb.). 143. Tragus Hall. Tragus racemosus Haller Hist. Stirp. Helv. II (1768) 203; Lappago aliena Spreng. Neue Entd. III (1822) 15; Gris FI. 557. Curasao: Cas (4790); W2 (5065); Yat (5372). - Suringar, — Britton & Shafer 2960. Aruba: Ok2 (6236); Siv (6313a). — Suringar. Bonaire: R (70255); R (7380). Pretty scarce; of the 18 finding places only 5 were noted on lime. Margarita. (Johnston). Antill., trop. and subtrop. countries of both hemisph. (Symb.). 161. Paspalum Linn. Paspalum glabrum...”
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“...Cynodon—Eragrostis. 9 Krk (5591). — Aschenberg, — Suringar, — Went 1102, — Lens 811, — Yersluys 1403. Aruba: Ok2 (6231); Siw (6331); Siw (7342d). — Suringar. Bonaire: R (7025d); R (7059); Rt (7151); Krak (7443); Krak (7444a). — Suringar. Of general occurrence in the three islands. Margarita. (Johnston). Baham., Antill., trop. and warmer countries of both hemisph. (Symb.). 307. Leptochloa Beauv. Leptochloa filiformis Beauv. Agrost. (1812) 71; Leplochloa mucronata Kth. Rév. Gram. I (1829) 91; Gris. F|. 537. Curasao: St (5054v); St (5054h); Wa3 (5101a); A (5145); Bat (5232a); Ent (5433c). — Aschenberg, — Suringar, — Lens 830, — Yersluys 1411, 1421. Bonaire: Rh (7035). Occurring scattered outside the lime on Curasao and Bonaire. Margarita. (Johnston). Bermud., Antill., Amer. sept., Nova Granata, Asia and Afr. trop. (Symb.). 310. Pappophorum Schreb. Pappophorutn alopecuroideum Vahl. Symb. bot. Ill (1794) 10. t. 51; Gris FI. 537. Bonaire: Fh (7253); (7424); Skr (7438). Trinidad, La Tinta, Bras...”
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“...spread on Curacao, 34 finding places noted there, on Aruba 9, on Bonaire 14. Margarita. (Johnston). Florida, Key Ins., Baham., Antill., from Mexico to Nova Granata and Venezuela. (Symb.). Bursera tomentosa Triana et Planchon in Prodr. FI. Novae Granatensis. Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. V. XIV (1872) 304; Elaphrium Jacquinianum H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. VII. 23. t 613. Takamahak. Curasao; Nask (4695). — Suringar, — Britton & Shafer 3146. Aruba: Ok2 (6240); Hoh (6367). Bonaire: R (7110). — Suringar. Very general; on Curacao 36 finding places noted, on Aruba 7, on Bonaire 16. Nova Granata, Venezuela. (Trian. et Planch.)....”
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“...PHYTOGEOGRAPHICAL A. Orological, Geological and Meteorological CHAPTER I GEOLOGICAL AND OROLOGICAL NOTES. Introduction. When preparing my journey to the three Leeward Islands I could only avail myself of the Geological and Orological data from K. Martin, Bericht fiber eine Reise nach Niederiandisch West Indien, Leiden 1887. At the time of my visit the Government was carrying out trian- gulations on the three islands and also preparing a topographical map of Curagao. Besides a general sketch-map of the roads on Curagao, given me by Mr. Zelle, Head of the Public Works Department there, and a sketch-map of a part of Aruba, given me by Mr. R. J. Beaujon, I had no means of orientation in the three islands. The lack of maps made itself still seriously felt in 1910 (i. e. 23 years after the publication of Martin’s book); hence my topogra- phical determinations are mostly based on local information. During the preparation of this flora the Topographical map of Curagao, on a scale 1/200.000 has...”
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“...Long, and 12° 3' N. Lat.; the greatest length of the island is 58 kilo- metres, its surface + 450 square kilometres. The long-drawn island is a hilly country, the hills consisting of diabase or being of cretaceous origin, the whole being surrounded by a layer of a coral-limestone formation. On the narrower part of the island the nothern and southern coral-limestone masses join and reach there the considerable height of 90 M. The inland hills are in East Curagao lower than in the West and give a general impression of a low undulating hilly country; the tops are not much higher there than 60 M., as a rule; the high top nearer the North side (Ronde klip) is the only inland hill which is covered with a coral mass. It is 130 M. high, The calcareous territory of East Curagao reaches a height of 60 M. in some places of the North coast, on the South coast it is much lower and only in the Tafelberg (St. Barbara) reaches a height of 200 M. This Mount Barbara with its gentle slope towards the sea and...”
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“...highest top in the Brandaris, 240 M. From this mountain and the Karakao, 158 M., situated a little more to the N. E., two mountainranges proceed in a S. E. direc- tion, consisting of round cup-shaped hills with a few apices and ending in the Joewa and Makakoe. Besides the large valley of Rincon, bordered to the West by the Brandaris complex, to the South by the high chalk ridge and to the North by the lower chalk ridge we find in East Bonaire a large plain, extending from Karakao to the coast. General notes. On account of the occurrence of eruptive rocks in the islands Curasao, Aruba and Bonaire Sieversx) is of opinion that these islands must be considered to form one complex with Goajira, which in its turn would cohere with the Sierra Neveda de Santa Martha and extend over the first mentioned islands as far as Los Rocques. When discussing the vegetation we shall see that a few plants occurring in Santa Martha are found in the three islands, forming the subject of this Flora. It should be...”
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“...CHAPTER I NOTES ON THE ASPECT OF THE VEGETATION OF CURACAO, ARUBA AND BONAIRE. The general impression of the vegetation of the islands Curagao, Aruba and Bonaire is that of a dry country, where thorny shrubs and cactuses predominate and more or less compete with each other. When, e.g. on Bonaire we climb one of the hills of the Western part, wè see there in their purest, intact condition the pretty thick bushes of shrubs, from which tree-shaped Cereus species rise to a great height. Since everywhere in the three islands a strong N.E. monsoon blows incessantly, the climate is rather dry and there is generally not much variation between high and low, also the vegetation has everywhere a rather uniform aspect. Excepting a few less exposed parts and the higher tops of Curagao and Bonaire, the whole vegetation may be said to have a more or less xerophile character; in many places where the soil is covered bij hardly any humus, as on the numerous limestone table lands, it becomes a very poor...”
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“...description. On the Leeward still more than on the Windward Islands this type of vegetation cannot be distinctly separated from the litoral vegetation which only near the salt-pans assumes a character of its own by the occurence of Mangrove plants. In many parts of the Islands culture or traces of former culture are found; also ruderal plants are found everywhere, among which a large number of tropical cosmopolitans. A genuine original vegetation is only found in" the higher parts. We saw that in general there is some difference in the vegetation, depending on shrubs or herbs being more prominent; a division according to the occurrence or non-occurrence on calcareous soil and a characterisation of these vegetation types is possible in exceptional cases only. So we do not or hardly ever find on calcareous soil: Panicum velutinosum, Pisonia bonairensis, Capparis Breynia, Capparis linearis, Trichilia trifolia, Spondias Mombin. On the other hand we always or nearly always find on lime: Sesuvium ...”
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“...a few cases and exactly by the last named plants, when these occur in large quantities, we can settle whether a caleareous or a non-caleareous vegetation is present. A& the result of these observations we have: . . A litoral vegetation, difficult to separate from the principal form the Croton-vegetation; this latter is determined by Acacia and Croton and has either a Capparis type op a Rhacoma-Antirrhoea type. In the higher parts this Croton-vegetation changes into a more forestlike type; in general the predominant Cactuses are found in the lower parts, although on Bonaire also some hills are covered with them. The characteristic Rhacoma type is entirely ■ absent on Aruba, as this plant does not occur there. The vegetation on Aruba receives a peculiar aspect through Pithecolobium platylobum, which occurs there in very large numbers, especially in the mountainous part, while on Curasao and Bonaire Randia aculèata forms a very important constituent of the vege- tation. : . . , _ „„ . Acacia...”
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“...153 Hence: A : a = 3,1 C : c = 4,1 D : d = 5 E : e = 3,7 G : g = 2,4 These equations show as well as the general shape of the curves that: '. if we compare the total number of plants with the number ot those that determine the vegetation, this latter number is relatively smaller with the South American plants than with the indigenous Antilles plants, smaller again with these than with the plants growing in the Antilles and for these again smaller than with the indigenous South American plants. So we conclude that the influence of the South American flora is strongest; we saw (p. 139) that also numerically this influence is stronger on the flora of the Dutch W. I. Islands than on that of Portorico. Still I should conclude from what I have personally seen and from the tables about the distribution of the Antilles plants and of the purely South American ones, that the outward appearance of the vegetation, in spite of the typical Cereus. species which are either indigenous or South American...”
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“...coriaria, Haematoxylon Brasiletto, Bursera simaruba are the principal constituents of the pretty dense thickets of shrubs, with Euphorbia thymifolia and especially Capraria biflora at the bottom. . Nearer the sea, somewhat lower on the incline, Lantana mvolu- crata, Bumelia obovata and Croton vegetation become prominent and finally Agave vivipara with Cactaceae. Especially in the part West of St. Martha the lime hills are highly overgrown and treelike forms become more prominent. Similar in its general character to the above mentioned lime hills, but in its details somewhat different is the plant-growth on e Kabrietenberg near Beekenburg. Climbing this fairly high lime hill from-the land-side we meet again the rather dense shrubs, among which we notice Malvastrum spicatum, Melochia tomentosa, Sida, Croton flavens, Cordia cylm- drostachya, Lantana camara; a very dense shrub-growth compared with the much more scantily overgrown parts of Curasao. Beurena succulenta and Acacia tortuosa rise above...”
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“...161 Bonaire. For a description of the vegetation of the lower lime regions on Bonaire I choose: The country round Kralendijk. Many ruderal plants grow here, e. g. Parthenium Hysterophorus. The general impression is that of a poor Croton vegetation, con- sisting of Acacia tortuosa, Prosopis juliflora, Croton flavens, a few Crescentia Cujete, Bursera simaruba, Cordia alba and Caesal- pinia coriaria; the ground is covered with Elytraria squamosa, Sida, Chloris, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Eragrostis ciliaris, Sporo- bolus argutus, Anthephora hermaphroditica, Eragrostis Urbaniana. A vegetation somewhat similar to this, but without ruderal plants we find in The district near the Southern salt pans. Near the sea we see Conocarpus erecta, Avicennia nitida, Suriana maritima and besides Salicornia ambigua and Sesuvium portula- castrum; in other , places we find whole masses of Metopium Brow- nei, whose appearance reminds one of Hippomane bushes. At a greater distance from the sea the Croton vegetation...”