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1

“..., rendering these months par- ticularly pleasing, and, speaking generally, year in and year out, the favourable features of the West Indian climate far outnumber the bad. There are well-qualified physicians in each Health, of the British islands and British Guiana; but tourists who adopt the usual precautions as to diet and mode of living should not require to have recourse to their services. It used to be said that the best way to ensure good health was to keep the pores of the skin open and the mouth shut! Owing to the moisture in the air and the...”
2

“...6 GUIDE TO THE WEST INDIES prevalence of the trade-winds for the greater part of the year, the heat of the sun is far less felt than it is at the same temperature in New York or London, and for this reason sunstroke is practically unknown in the West Indies; but, all the same, visitors should on no account expose themselves to the direct rays of the noonday sun. A thorough wetting by the rain should be guarded against, and chills at sun- down avoided. Of late years, the sanitary ar- rangements in the West Indies have undergone substantial improvement, with the result that out- breaks of yellow fever are of extremely rare_ occur- rence, and they seldom, if ever, occur in the winter months. Malaria of a mild form is met within most of the islands in the summer months —Barbados being a notable exception—but new- comers are not as a rule susceptible to it until they have resided for at least ten or twelve months in the West Indies, and tourists therefore need feel no...”
3

“..., cassava, Indian corn, papaw, pigeon peas, to mention a few only, while a capital salad is made from the heart of the lofty cabbage palm (Oreodoxa oleracea). It is, how- ever, at dessert that the greatest surprises are forthcoming. Bananas, both big (Gros Michel) and dwarf (Musa Cavendishii), are known at home, but the very small fig banana, or Lady’s Finger, is not often seen out of the tropics, and, while all fruit of this description tastes infinitely better in its native home than in England or America, the latter kind are for flavour the acme...”
4

“...GENERAL INFORMATION 15 Jamaica, (d) round St. Lucia, (e) round Trinidad and between Trinidad and Tobago, and (ƒ) round Grenada. During the tourist season special yacht- ing steamers are run for attractive tours at low rates. Ordinary fares :— Single Tickets, Out or Home. Return Tickets, Out or Home. Southampton. To or From. First Cabin. *2 c* First Cabin. Second Cabin. Col. X. Col. 2. Ser- vants. Jl Col. X. Col. 2. Ser- vants. Antigua . . . Barbados . . Demerara . Dominica Grenada . . . Jamaica . La Guayra . New York . . Martinique . Montserrat . Nevis .... St. Kitts . . . St. Lucia . . St. Vincent . . Tobago . Trinidad . . . 'S ■g $ 3 'S 'S 3 'Êfè 3 iS 'g ■sfs
5

“...18 GUIDE TO THE WEST INDIES From France. Street, Liverpool). Regular sailings from Liverpool to Barbados, Trinidad, La Guayra, Puerto Cabello, Curasao, Santa Marta and Cartagena; also to St. Thomas, Puerto Colombia, Colon, and Kingston (Jamaica). Fares: Barbados and Trinidad, ^17,10s.; Kingston, ^20; and St. Thomas, ^16 (including first-class railway fare from London to Liverpool). The Liverpool Line (Booker Bros., McConnell and Co. Ltd., 77 The Albany, Liverpool). First- class cargo steamers of this line sail from Liverpool to Demerara (British Guiana) direct every three weeks. They have accommodation for a limited number of cabin passengers. Compagnie Générale Transatlantique. The vessels of this company leave St. Nazaire, France, on 9th of each month and touch at the following ports :— Dates. Dates. Out. Home. Arrive. Depart. Arrive. Depart, j St. Nazaire 9 Colon 3 Pointe-è.-Pitre . 20 21 Cartagena . . 4 4 (Guadeloupe) Basseterre 21 21 Savanilla...”
6

“...GENERAL INFORMATION 19 (Martinique) for Cayenne once a month, touching at the following ports :— Out. Dates. j Dates. Arrive. Depart. 1 Arrive. Depart. ] F ort-de-Fran ce 23 Cayenne 3 St. Lucia 23 23 , I Surinam 4 4 | Trinidad . 24 24 1 Demerara s 5 1 Demerara 26 26 Trinidad 7 7 Surinam . 27 27 St. Lucia 8 8 Cayenne . 28 ... Fort-de-France 9 Another intercolonial steamer plies between Trinidad and Colon, touching at various Vene- zuelan ports. Koninklijke West-Indische Mail Dienst (The From Royal Dutch West India Mail Service, de Ruyter Newayorknd kade 125, Amsterdam), under contract with the Netherlands Government for the conveyance of mails. The steamers of this line sail from Amster- dam and New York every fortnight, the ports of call being Paramaribo (Dutch Guiana), George- town (Demerara), Trinidad, Venezuelan ports, Curasao, Jacmel (Hayti), Aux Cayes, Port au Prince (Hayti), New York, and vice versa. Fleet: — Prins der Nederlanden, 1923 tons; Prins...”
7

“... ensure complete comfort, it is better for the traveller to take his or her own. A photographic camera should certainly be in- Camera, eluded among the impedimenta of the tour. Owing to the remarkable rarity of the atmosphere excellent results can be obtained with a hand camera; but to secure the best it is desirable, except in the case of those who develop their own negatives, to send back the exposed films in tin cases sealed with sticking plaster for development at home, and to arrange for a fresh supply of films or plates to be sent out to them every...”
8

“...GENERAL INFORMATION 3i are aboard, and the steamer is slipping down Southampton Water, passing Netley on the left, or the port side, as it should now be called. On turning into the Solent, Cowes is seen, and then in succession Yarmouth, Totlands Bay, Alum Bay, and the Needles to the left, with Hurst Castle standing out on a spit of sand to the right. The pilot is dropped off the Needles, and the steamer proceeds to Cherbourg, where passengers are embarked that evening, and thence, under the present arrangements, to Vigo, whose magnificent Vigo, bay has been the scene of many naval engage- ments. The town was assaulted and burnt by the English under Drake and Norris in 1589; and, on October 22, 1702, the combined English and Dutch fleets attacked the French and Spanish in the port. Several men-of-war and galleons were taken and many destroyed, and an abund- ance of plate and other valuable effects fell into the hands of the conquerors. Vigo was taken by Lord...”
9

“...32 GUIDE TO THE WEST INDIES The Azores, stormy. Four days out the Azores are passed, and j f though they are not always visible, the Royal Mail steamer occasionally stops to pick up coal on the homeward journey. These Western Islands, as they are also called, belong to Portugal, a and are supposed to be the site of the ancient | il Atlantis. They were discovered in the fifteenth o century by Van der Berg, of Bruges, and by II 1457 the whole of the islands were discovered, p and the name Azores given to them from the i number of goshawks (Port. Afor) found on o them. From 1580 to 1640 they were subject to t Spain. The islands must always have a peculiar tl interest for Englishmen as being the scene of the 1 memorable engagement between the Spanish and h British fleets on August 30, 1591, when the r redoubtable deeds of valour were performed by ii Sir Richard Grenville, whose ship the Revenge 1 engaged eight great Spanish galleons for twelve 1 hours, and was boarded...”
10

“...GENERAL INFORMATION 33 “ I have fought for Queen and Faith like a valiant man and true; . . . With a joyful spirit I Sir Richard Grenville die.” After passing the Azores, awnings are put out, md the first touch of the tropics begins to make itself felt; cooler garments are donned, and the officers of the ship appear in white suits. Soon the Sargasso Sea is entered, and tourists will note, The probably for the first time, the remarkable Gulf l^8*80 weed, which floats in a vast eddy or central pool of the Atlantic between the Gulf Stream and the Equatorial current. It was on entering this sea that the crew of Columbus’ ship very nearly mutinied, believing as they did that their vessels had reached land, and were on the verge of running on the rocks, though really the ocean is here fully four miles deep. The origin of this mass of weed is not known, but it presumably was once attached to rocks, though it is now propagated as it floats on the surface. In colour, it...”
11

“... or three dayes promessing faire,” she proceeded on her way, only to put in at Plymouth on the following Saturday, the 26th, “ the windes being contrary,” and com- pelling them to ride at anchor for “ tenne dayes.” On the 6th of March, “the winde comeing about to the North-East,” they “ again hoisted sayle and stood out to sea. . . . The tenth day it blew hard, which made a verry rough and hollow sea, which raked us fore and aft, breakeing sometymes over our quarter; in which great seas, our shipp’s crew...”
12

“...Money Orders. Postal Orders. 40 GUIDE TO THE WEST INDIES To foreign possessions the rates are Limit of Size. Not exceeding Length, Breadth, or Depth. Length and Girth combined. Cuba. 31b. 7 lb. n lb. 2S. 3s. 4s. 2 ft. 4 ft. Guadeloupe v or \ 3s. 3s. 6d. 4s. 2 ft. 4 ft. Martinique ) St. Ihomas 2S. 3s. 4s. 3ift. 6 ft. Parcels are subject to customs regulations, and an accurate statement of the nature and value of the contents and other particulars has to be made. Money Orders may be sent to the British West Indies, and also to Cuba and Puerto Rico, in the latter case payment being advised through New York and paid in dollars and cents (;£i=$4 87 cents). The poundage fees range from 3d. for sums not exceeding jQi, and 5 s. 3d. for sums over ^38 but not exceeding ^40. The limit transmissible is £40 to the British West Indies, and £20 to Cuba and Puerto Rico. Orders must be taken out a full day before the departure of the mail. When, however, application is...”
13

“...GENERAL INFORMATION 45 years’ residence in the colony, immigrants are entitled to their return passage on paying one-half the fare in the case of males and one-third in the case of females, the balance being paid by the planter. As a matter of fact, the coolies are so happy and contented in the West Indies that the proportion availing themselves of the return pas- sage is very small, especially since the practice was initiated of giving the coolies land and other privileges in lieu of back passage, and many of those who do return to India soon find their way back to the West Indies again. The ordinances contain elaborate provisions for the welfare of the immigrants, and in the colonies employing coolies there are Protectors of Immigrants to see that the law is carried out. Surgeon D. W. D. Comins, who was sent by the Indian Government to the West Indies to report on the system, declared that “ as regards the general arrangements made for Indian immigrants, I have...”
14

“...46 GUIDE TO THE WEST INDIES tinued, owing to a difficulty arising with the Chinese Government with regard to repatriation. There still, however, remain many Chinese, who are closely connected with the retail trade in the colony. With regard to the white population, the brief histories of the various colonies which are given on subsequent pages will sufficiently indicate their origin. In the days of slavery each slave owner was compelled to employ a certain number of white servants to serve in the militia, and these men helped to swell the population, while Oliver Cromwell sent out many Irish prisoners, I notably to Nevis and Montserrat; and Barbados 1 received a large influx of Royalists at the time of the Commonwealth. Many English gentle- men, Royalist officers and divines, were sent out to the island and sold as slaves, and it is on record that a number changed hands at a cost of 1500 lbs. of sugar per man! Their descendants, known as “mean whites,” are still...”
15

“...Free- masonry. 48 GUIDE TO THE WEST INDIES St. Kitts, while in Montserrat and Dominica the inhabitants are principally Roman Catholics, whose bishop resides at Roseau, in the latter island. The inhabitants of the Virgin Islands are mainly Wesleyans. In St. Lucia the Roman Catholics largely predominate, and their church is supported out of the general revenue of the colony. In St. Vincent, where the Church of England was disendowed in 1889, one-half of the population are members of the Church of Eng- land and one-third Wesleyans, while in Grenada one-half are Roman Catholics and one-third members of the now disestablished Church of England. In Trinidad the Roman Catholics are by far the most numerous sect. The Arch- bishop of Port of Spain resides in Trinidad. The hours of holy worship differ in no way from those adopted at home. The churches are well ventilated, and compare favourably in this respect with many in European cities. Freemasonry is largely practised...”
16

“...GENERAL INFORMATION 51 by the wealthier classes, and of course a know- ledge of these languages enhances the pleasure of a visit to Venezuela. Jane Anne Smith, the buxom black laundress The who used to salute passengers on their arrival at Laundry' Barbados, taking from them their “ washing ” and selling to them her famous Barbados hot sauce is —alas!—no more; but she has many imitators. Some are good and others exceedingly bad. It behoves tourists therefore to make the closest in- I quiries before submitting their garments to them. In most of the islands the laundry work is good, and the hotels are in touch with the best artistes. In British Guiana the Chinese undertake washing 1 with the usual satisfactory results. They are past masters in the art of cleansing clothes. BOOKS ON THE WEST INDIES Many books have been written about the West Indies; but most of the older and standard works are now, unfortunately, out of print. The follow- ing list includes the...”
17

“...5 6 GUIDE TO THE WEST INDIES Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico. By W. Dinwiddie. London: 1899. Report on the Island of Puerto Rico, its Population, &c. By H. K. Carroll. Washington: 1899. Hayti. Hayti, or the Black Republic. By Spencer St. John. (2nd edition.) London: 1889. Where Black Rules White. By Hesketh Pritchard. London: 1900. Martinique. Two Years in the French West Indies. By Lafcadio Hearn. New York and London: Harper & Brothers, 1902. M. Pelée and the Tragedy of Martinique. By A. Heilprin. London, 1902. [Any of the above hooks not “ out of print" can be obtained from Mr. Edward Stanford, 12, 13, and 14 Long Acre, London, W. C. ]...”
18

“...6o GUIDE TO THE WEST INDIES gets the full benefit of the north-east trade-winds, and in the winter months the minimum mean temperature at night falls as low as 63° Fahr. The annual rainfall varies from about 50 to 70 inches. On the windward side, the climate is especially invigorating, and the island is much patronised by residents in neighbouring colonies as a health resort. The death rate is not more than 20 per thousand. History. The actual date of the discovery of Barbados is uncertain, but it is said that it was visited by some Portuguese in 1536, who called the island Los Barbudos after the bearded fig-trees which / they found there, and left behind them a stock of pigs. It was not until 1605 that the British took possession of the island. In that year the crew of a vessel called the Olive Blossom, fitted out by Sir Olave Leigh with stores and settlers for Guiana, landed on the leeward coast and erected a cross, inscribing on a tree near by, “ James K. of E...”
19

“...BARBADOS 61 reached Barbados in 1626 with about forty emi- grants, who went ashore and founded Jamestown or Holetown, near the spot where the first landing was made. Though authorities have hitherto given the end of 1624 or the beginning of 1625 as the date of the arrival of the party, a search of the island records has made it sufficiently clear that 1626 is actually the year from which the settle- ment of Barbados dates. On 13th September 1625, the island was included in the commission given to Warner, the coloniser of St. Kitts, his patron being the Earl of Carlisle, who, two years later, obtained from Charles the First a grant of nearly all the Caribbean Islands. The Earl of Marlborough opposed it vigorously; but the matter was compromised by Lord Carlisle agreeing to settle on him and his heirs an annuity of ^300. All went well for a year, and then, Lord Carlisle being absent on a mission, Sir William Courteen induced the Earl of Pembroke to lay claim to the...”
20

“...BARBADOS U Like this fresh cleansing wave still useful be, Though rough thy passage to the boundless sea ; Still in that sea thou shalt not stagnant lie, But ever useful tasks of blessing ply.” And on the reverse side of the beams :— “ Of sacred scenes these crystal streams may tell, Bethesda’s pool or soft Siloam’s well; Enjoy the pleasures these pure waters give, But think of those which make the bathers live. There is a fountain, Holy Scriptures say, Where souls may bathe and sins be washed away; Let all thy studies help thee Him to know Through whom for thee those heavenly waters flow.” St. John’s Church (14 miles, 1J hours by carriage St. John’s from Bridgetown) stands at a short distance from the edge of a cliff 824 feet high, which commands an extensive view of the coral-fringed Windward Coast. In the churchyard is pointed out the tomb of Ferdinando Paleologus, the last descendant of the Greek Christian Emperors of that name, who were driven from...”